Epidermoid Cysts

Epidermoid Cysts (also known as epidermal cysts or sebaceous cysts) are common, benign (non-cancerous) growths that form under the skin. These cysts are typically slow-growing, round or oval-shaped, and filled with a substance called keratin, which is a protein normally found in skin, hair, and nails.

Key Features of Epidermoid Cysts:

• Key Features of Epidermoid Cysts:
  • They are usually round, smooth, and firm to the touch.
  • The skin over the cyst may appear normal or slightly yellowish, depending on the contents inside.
  • The cyst may vary in size, from as small as a pea to several centimeters across.
• Location:
  • Epidermoid cysts are most commonly found on the face, neck, back, scalp, or chest.
  • However, they can appear anywhere on the body.
• Symptoms:
  • Most epidermoid cysts are painless and do not cause any discomfort.
  • If the cyst becomes infected, it may become red, inflamed, painful, and potentially drain a thick, foul-smelling substance.
  • In some cases, the cyst may have a visible central pore (small opening) through which the keratin may be expelled.
• Causes:
  • These cysts typically form when a hair follicle or oil gland becomes blocked, causing the buildup of keratin underneath the skin.
  • They may also develop as a result of skin trauma, such as cuts, acne, or surgery.
  • Genetics can play a role, as some people are more prone to developing these cysts.
  • Certain genetic conditions, like Gardner's syndrome, can lead to multiple epidermoid cysts.
• Treatment:
  • Observation: Most epidermoid cysts do not require treatment unless they become infected or cause discomfort.
  • Drainage or Removal: If the cyst becomes infected or bothersome, a healthcare provider may choose to drain the cyst or surgically remove it.
  • Steroid Injections: These may be used to reduce inflammation if the cyst is swollen or tender.
  • It's important not to attempt to pop or squeeze an epidermoid cyst, as this can lead to infection or scarring.
• When to Seek Medical Attention:
  • If the cyst becomes painful, red, or swollen, it may be infected and require medical attention.
  • If the cyst grows rapidly or changes in appearance, it should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to rule out other conditions.
  • If the cyst causes significant cosmetic concerns or discomfort, surgical removal may be considered.

Summary:

Epidermoid cysts are generally harmless and often do not require treatment. However, if they become infected or problematic, professional medical care may be needed to drain or remove them. If you are concerned about any skin growth or changes, it’s always a good idea to consult with a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.